What happens when
the brain ages

As the brain gets older, the risk of dementia goes up. One contributing factor to increased dementia risk is shrinking grey matter volume, which can be seen on MRI. This can cause problems with thinking, memory, and solving problems, which are common in dementia.

Grey matter volume loss is caused by the death of neurons with age in certain parts of the brain and loss of dendritic spines on neurons. You can see that the older neuron on the right has less spines on its dendrites than the younger neuron on the left. These structural changes to neurons make it more likely for Alzheimer's and other causes of memory loss to happen. But you can slow it down.

Importantly, not everyone's brain ages at the same rate. Some people have brains that appear more like a 60 year old's when they are 80. So it's possible to age more slowly and have less risk of dementia.

*Glorioso, et al.

How to stay sharp

Strategies to prevent brain aging

Exercise Regularly

Regular physical activity releases neurotrophic factors in the brain, including BDNF.

These factors nourish your neurons, keeping them healthy and alive. Exercise can increase the volume of your brain.

Stay Socially Connected

Engaging in social activities stimulates various brain regions involved in emotional regulation and cognitive processing. Social interactions can reduce the risk of depression and stress, which are known to adversely affect brain health.

Get 8 Hrs Of Sleep

Adequate sleep is crucial for brain health as it allows the brain to consolidate memories and remove waste products that accumulate during waking hours.

Research shows that sleep helps maintain synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions, reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.

Maintain A Healthy Diet

A diet rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals supports brain health. Nutrients like flavonoids found in berries, omega-3s in fish, and vitamins E and K in leafy greens are vital for cognitive health.

Drinking coffee and tea are also helpful for brain health.

Stay Mentally Active

Engaging in mentally stimulating activities such as reading and learning new skills keeps the brain engaged and builds cognitive reserves.

Lower Your Stress

Chronic stress can negatively impact brain health, leading to memory loss and a reduction in brain volume, particularly in areas associated with emotion regulation and memory processing.

Techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, and exercise can reduce stress levels and protect the brain.